Western Sword Fern
Polystichum munitum
Other Names: California Sword Fern, Giant Holly Fern, Imbricate Sword Fern
Plant Details
USDA Plant Hardiness Zones: Outdoors: 5a-9b Find Your Zone – Can be grown as a houseplant
Plant Type: Evergreen Perennial
Height at Maturity: 3-4′
Width at Maturity: 3-4′
Spacing: 3′ for groupings or mass plantings; 7+ for space between plants
Spacing: 3′ for groupings or mass plantings; 7+ for space between plants
Growth Habit / Form: Upright, Arching, Clump
Growth Rate: Moderate
Flower Color: None
Flower Size:
Flowering Period:
Flower Type:
Fragrant Flowers:
Foliage Color: Dark Green
Fragrant Foliage: No
Berries: No
Berry Color:
Sun Needs: Full Shade or Part Shade, Morning Sun With Afternoon Shade, All Day Dappled Sunlight
Water Needs: Average, avoid constantly wet soil
Soil Type: Clay (amend heavy clay to ensure good drainage), Loam, Sandy, Silt
Soil Moisture / Drainage: Moist But Well Drained; avoid constantly wet soil
Soil pH: 6.0 – 7.5 (Moderately Acid to Moderately Alkaline)
Maintenance / Care: Low
Attracts: Visual Attention
Resistances: Cold Temperatures (-20F), Deer – more info, Disease, Heat, Humidity, Insect, Rabbit, Heavy Shade, Black Walnut
Description
One of the most robust and reliable of the North American native hardy ferns, and presented the Award of Garden Merit by the Royal Horticultural Society for good reasons, Polystichum munitum, commonly called the Western Sword or Giant Holly Fern, is an evergreen to semi-evergreen species that thrives in the garden but can also be grown indoors as a houseplant year round. At 3 to 4 feet tall and wide, it features a beautiful fountain-like clump of up to 100 large, arching, dark green, erect fronds that are pinnately compound with alternate, pointed, sharp-toothed leaflets. Each sword-like leaflet has a small lobe that points forward at the base, like a saber, hence the common name. In early spring, attractive fiddleheads (young fronds) emerge and unfurl in a frond that can be 4 to 6 feet long. A shade lover, the Western Sword Fern is a wonderful accent, grouping or mass planting in woodland and shade gardens in the ground or in containers that can be situated in or around outdoor and indoor sitting and living spaces.
Landscape & Garden Uses
Growing 3 to 4 feet tall and equally as wide, the Western Sword Fern is ideal for use as a specimen accent in smaller garden spaces or containers that can be situated in or around outdoor or indoor sitting and living spaces. Where spaces allows it can be planted in groupings or mass plantings and looks great around boulders or near the garden ponds or other bodies of water or beneath the canopies of large trees. Just make sure its permanent home gets no direct afternoon sun. Filtered all-day sun or morning or evening sun are okay. A fine addition to native plant gardens, fern gardens, woodland gardens and shady rock gardens.
Suggested Spacing: 3 feet apart for mass planting; 7 feet or more apart for space between plants
Growing Preferences
The Western Sword Fern is easy to grow in a variety of moist but well-drained soils in part shade to deep shade. All-day dappled sunlight is okay…just no direct afternoon sun. It likes a consistently moist soil and humidity, but does not like constantly soggy or wet soil so make sure to plant in site with soil that drains well. This fern is evergreen in moderately cool to warmer climates and semi-evergreen in cold climates, depending on the severity of the winter. If fronds die back during winter simply snip them off in late winter or early spring and new fronds will soon emerge..
Helpful Articles
Click on a link below to find helpful advice from our experts on how to plant, fertilize, prune and water perennial ferns.
How To Plant Perennial Ferns
How To Prune Or Cut Back Perennial fern Plants
How To Fertilize & Water Perennial Fern Plants
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